From energy efficiency to carbon conservation

Brenda Boardman, University of Oxford

Keywords

Abstract

Energy efficiency programmes cover an increasing share of domestic energy consumption in Europe, but still demand keeps rising. The paper provides an overview of existing trends and the likely impact of known policies. These are compared to Kyoto commitments and sustainability targets, to highlight the shortfall between where we are going and where we need to be.

The solution may lie in moving to a carbon market, with information for consumers, targets for energy companies, and a range of other policy initiatives designed to support a focus on carbon emissions. This would combine the effects of greater end-use efficiency with more efficient supply. A carbon reference scale also incorporates the benefits of renewable energy and low-carbon supply options, at both the household (solar thermal) and the national level (wind farms).

The wider effects on consumers and their perceptions are discussed, to explore the benefits of moving to a carbon economy in support of climate change policies. The proposed approach could extend to personal decision-making on private travel, leading to individual household commitments.